What would happen if, instead of compressing matter until a black hole forms, you'd instead increase "tension?". Would a tiny rip in space form? Would nothing happen? Is it even possible to "decrease gravity" to the same degree as we can increase it? (that's all one question btw lol)
Idk. I think Chuck understands more than you think. And it would be neil asking. So no black jokes being asked. Black joke responces.. probably. But none asked.
For this 70 year old with a bone head 12th grade education? I’m so happy to be listening and some what comprehending what is being “taught” here. This type of education needs to be taught from kindergarten through 12th grade. Change the antiquated teaching mythologies to real education that children learn important lessons ✌🏼💖
Man, this episode is so good! This type of wholesome entertaining can literally lift your spirits up! Please keep doing more episodes like this where Chuck gets to ask his burning quests and lose gaskets.
This was one of the BEST episodes I’ve ever heard! I think it’s because Chuck and Gary both hear so many great questions all the time, they are able to distill their own questions down to their essence and really get Neil thinking and explaining things explicitly. I also love their genuine fascination and reactions to Neil’s answers! I love watching Chuck lose his mind and how incredible the universe is! Priceless!!! Keep up this awesome work guys! I would LOVE to have this format be a semi-regular thing!
I think because some of those questions have been asked for a... long time in a way. And have been out there, as human mind has been pondering those kind of questions for a while. 1. Like double slit experiment. Recently I also watched Tom Campbell and his youtube video: "Anu Physics Experiment and the Implications for Everyone". Maybe slightly wrong example, as that has a different spin and conclusions, but a lot of people has been wondering about it for a long time. 2. Communication in space. Interesting question reagarding communication in deep space, and traveling. A while back Brian Aldiss wrote a book, about generation ship, called "Non Stop". Interesting concept there, and what may happened after several generations, when the ship is traveling in space for a long time, and where there is no communication with Earth. All in all, a good episode, no question about it.
I’ve always heard the double slit experiment thing described as “when we look at it” instead of “when we shine light on it”. I wish they would use the latter - it clarifies things better. Thank you, Dr Tyson, for explaining that here.
I am so glad to see this channel grow and have 2.7 million subscribers. Chuck’s interactions have really leveled up. He used to be as lost as I was. In my eyes, this channel is a big dea already, but I hope he gets hosting gigs for all science related shows in Netflix and all TV networks.
@@a.N..... hehe, it humbles me that you noticed it Vitiligo: Vitiligo is a skin “condition” where our own immune cells start killing melanocytes (things responsible to make melanin) Melanin is the compound that gives skin its color. So people living near and near to equator have more and more melanin and therefore they get more and more deep colored (ofc this is evolutionary advantage, This is also because sunlight triggers melanin growth) People with vitiligo (~1% of people) have spots on their skin that are white because there is no melanin in those spots because our immune system killed the melanocytes Manush : That just means human in bangla language(bangla language spoken in west bengal, India, Bangladesh and many more places) Also this immune system thing is in my case, there might be other reasons why melanocytes can die
This was an awesome episode. Everyone needs to see this. The video felt like a minute long. it was that damn good. Many thumbs up guys. I love the content!
Being from the deep, dark past of electronic communication (having been a Ham radio operator back in the 1950s), allow me to correct a very minor, error of no consequence. "Over and out," was from the movies and those copying the movies. Technically, it was either "over" or "out," not both. You either ended the communication or returned it to whoever was on the other end for them to respond. You allowed the other party to continue or to end the communication. If the other party was finished, they could tag it over if they had nothing else to say and allow you to continue or end the communication, depending on whether you were finished. Over.
But if light doesn’t age or whatever you want to say then if it could it would “see” us (the observer) at x point in the future because it was emitted x distance away and light isn’t instantaneous right? Does that make sense
@@EmpyreanLightASMR Nothing wrong with that. Not everyone can be an astrophysicist, but it's still integral to make sure laymen are involved in some way.
@@frenchyproductions9692 Agreed, I wasn't saying there's anything wrong with it. Anyone getting excited about physics is in for a good time. I've recently been thinking it would be cool to see Chuck go through a physics course, just to help him better appreciate the topic. It wouldn't dampen his enthusiasm, it might even elevate it. But it's not necessary.
Giorgio is the Italian cognate of George. (I'm surprised I didn't even have to look that one up.) It's been suggested that the reason Brian May put his academic career in astrophysics on hold was because Galileo let him go. :p Hey, maybe StarTalk might be able to get Brian as a guest.
Something Neil said sparked a thought with me. What if light speed was not finite, but was instant. Imagine how that would change our whole view (or lack of view) of space? We could not look “back in time”. We would only see what is happening in that moment. Thank goodness light is “slow”.
There's articles you can google on how the speed of light may have changed since the beginning of time. (More specifically, that the speed has slowed down to what it is today.)
“… where everything you say is delayed a half a second before the person replies you can’t, for example, interrupt them.” This is a major problem for Neil 😂
Nice episode, yet there is one thing that Neil often underlines here about the Double Slit Experiment which puzzles me a bit and that is the "light-that-shines-on-the-electrons-when-you-look-at-them- is-responsible-for-their-particle-behaviour" - statement. From what I recall this experiment has been conducted in all sorts of environments to exclude the fact that any physical (intended as in physics) interaction could have an impact on the result...like for example recording the experiment through cameras and watching the results only AFTER the experiment has teaken place, in which case light or the presence of the human eye ON THE SCENE has nothing to do with the outcome. Like the the schrodinger cat "theory" speculates: events get determined once you measure them regardless of your presence (hence physical intercation) with the elements....which leads to the assumption that consciousness does have something to do with the outfolding of reality. Am I missing something here? ( I know I am of course...but...am I?) Luv the show btw. Cheers
@@Morpheux1yep, they surely do 😂 yet the 2 different results ( lines vs wave pattern) occur in same light condition as I recall. The only differnce that triggers the lines is the observation (even recorded) to verifico which slit the particles travel through. So light has basically nothing to do with the differnt outcome as it doesnt change. I think that the proof to this is can be found in the delayed-choice quantum eraser where the result of the esperiment gets basically updated (going from wave to lines) in the very same test hence same light context
I really enjoyed this video. I appreciate having an informed but non-scientist asking specific and interesting questions. Please do make this a reoccurring show!
Facts. The universe is only as old as the light we can perceive. And that light in itself is so old that there’s no telling what’s really happening out there right now or what could’ve possibly been before. Saying it all happened from a singular massive expansion seems completely wrong. It probably created our know universe, but the blast itself could’ve destroyed whatever galaxies was here before.
I had to watch this twice!! I love it even more the second time Chuck, my brain is exploding, each time I listen. Your not alone Thanks to all of you Great show!!!
This was by far a pretty great episode as well.. you guy's always knock it out the park because I'm sure there are those of us listener's and watcher's that also may have formed the very same questions in their mind from time to time so this was great to have them both actually ask their own questions and of course Neil always give thoughtful answer even if its somehow short as possible to save time or a truthfully answered question that says, quite frankly that even Not just Neil doesnt know but a whole planet of folks that hadn't come with an answer for a question that may never been asked or thought of or neil simply admits "idk, next question" lol i love it either way because its good that folks try to learn and sometimes there really isn't an answer because whe haven't found out yet, not that we haven't tried, bit that we just havent a clue and dont know how or what to measure for the answer to be revealed in the end.. we're all human, even the really smart ones.. lol love this show and just that single book alone that Neil showed everybody, "Physics of Energy " will have many nonstudents reaching for it to find out if its an interesting subject to learn and i agree that it would absolutely be a fun area to gain some knowledge and maybe even test ourselves against our previous knowledge if any to the newly learned knowledge gained. I love the contrast sometimes and of course love that physical learning process as it develops differently for each different thing and you get a better overall understandings for all those questions we may have had along the way. I love the learning process no matter the way because it always a curve to it and the speed of it changes as well too because some information cane be pretty dense and vast compared to other things that may be true objectively or may otherwise be seeming to be true but actually the opposite sometimes.. its always funny how that plays a tricks on some of our minds until we can actually really fully grasp exactly how vast of knowledge that can be gained and also applied too in the end.. that's just great and i love watching it unfold and really come to everyone learning man boy dont we all love Sir Chucks mind being blown at time hahaha love the show and even Gary has some good ones as well..❤❤😂😂🎉🎉
I would like to know how can the matter in the universe end because of inflation of space? They say everything will end and the universe will just be empty and cold. I always thought that matter couldn’t be destroyed. So can you please explain this to me.
Neil’s really special, a wonderful combination of brilliance, humour, humbleness and just enough edginess to be extremely attractive. The way he laughs and speaks about fundamentals is unmatched and he’s certainly an outstanding member of the pantheon of great scientific human beings that include Carl Sagan, Arthur C. Clark and Isaac Asimov. Of course there’s more but these names are at the top of my mind!
**The electron interference pattern doesn’t change simply by looking it at, it changes where you take the measurement - whether you decide to measure it or not**
Dr Tyson, Isn't it true that if we had faster than light communication, either via subspace or a wormhole, and we used it to communicate with someone traveling near the speed of light away from us, and therefore time for him was moving slower, that he could experience the communication before we sent it? And doesn't this break in causality indicate that faster than light communication is in fact impossible?
@@creaminmycookie It is, it's hilarious. I thought it was about coffee... then I did a double take and it said "cookie," and then it's either super naughty or ... an Oreo cookie lmao. No, it's a great name!
What a great episode! Fantastic questions and comic interludes that makes you smarter and entertained. I loved it. On a side note, great thanks to Dr. Neil for the double slit experiment explanation regarding how photons interfere with electrons turning them into particles, not consciousness!
I loved this episode! I think most question you answer from fans are so basic and repetitive and has been answered like hundreds times before and can be found from a simple search online. I would find it much more interesting to hear more burning questions and debates you have with colleagues about the uncertain things that are not yet fully understood by science. I find that much more stimulating. Thank you for a really good show!
Also Neil if you were to travel on the cusp of a small black hole how can you calculate what the tike dillatiin would be versus less say a 200% more massive black hole?
hey phillip! you can do this by simply calculating the individual time dilations. as variables: let γ be the time dilation factor let rs be the Schwarzschild radius and let r be the distance from the black hole we can calculate time dilation using the formula: γ = 1 / ( sqrt( 1 - rs / r ) ) (LaTeX: \gamma = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \frac{r_{s}}{r}}}) note that this formula will only work if you find yourself outside the Schwarzschild radius (r > rs) the assumed type of black hole is a Schwarzschild black hole, non-spinning, without charge. if anything i said was wrong or flawed dont be hesitant to tell me! just know that i am only 14 years old and would love to have some feedback.
oh yeah and the result is the ratio of non-dilated time to dilated time. if i counted three second on my clock as i fall near a black hole you might count 6 seconds in what seems to be the same time frame. this example would mean that the dilation factor is 2, or that for every second you experience i experience half of that.
So, the things we’re looking at we’d never be able to visit in the night sky or they’d be completely different when we arrive? Well at least the majority of the ones that’s lifespan would deplete before even light speed engines if they existed would reach them. Kinda crazy to think about.
Great show! About the double slit experiment, I guess we have actually some explanation. It is that the electron has a probabilistic presence rather than a punctual position. And this probabilistic presence behaves like a wave in a vacuum. Until the particle interacts with something, there are situations where it can spread in space. So a more specific answer could be that the electron doesn't really interfere with itself, but its density of probability does interfere with itself.
From this episode I have two questions , first the speed of light is the fastest thing in the medium of the universe but the universe is spreading faster than that, so what is time doing at that speed if it stops at the speed of light, moving backwards? Second question, when a particle is behaving like a wave , going up and down, what force is actually giving it those directional changes? It goes from moving straight, then hight by other particles when observed and changes to a wave pattern. Simply asked Why and how a wave and not just a directional change from the impact, why a wave/ back and forth/ zigzag motion? And what is controlling the predictable directional changes?
Think I am misunderstanding the time/ space graph analogy. Say time=x and space=y , at the speed of light... Why would(n't) the y and x be parallel (=)? Time is constant (As far as we are concerned) and speed of light{ls} is defined, so even at ls there is still a distance. Otherwise, travel to the past would simply be achieved "faster than light"( ftl) travel... Because y (on the graph) woud turn back on itself and supersede y. Am i seeing this wrong?
I believe that is correct. Neil has mentioned before that from the point of view of a light particle, at the very same moment it is emitted it collides with a it's target. This is due to the effects of time dilation, which says that as speed increases, time slows. So basically, a photon does not experience time because it's speed becomes a hypothetical straight line perpendicular to the time axis, meaning it only has a velocity or speed and does not experience the passing of time. And theoretically, yes, if we were able to move faster than the speed of light or find a particle that does so (hypothetical tacheon) then that particle would be travelling backwards along the time axis, meaning it is going into the past. That is my understanding of the whole thing.
Question; I would think the elements that wete present before the big big to make the big bang posable must count as matter in some form? So thete was somethimg before the bbt. Or is there a god Your proposing?
I'm buried under a veil of coming on senses. It feels to me like people in this area are conflicted about privacy v. secrecy while they're yearning to announce something they don't all want to, or don't feel they should announce. My poking at others has gotten a lot of clarity but not enough. In my opinion, if the situation runs around in metaphor and begets sides at one another's inputs, then too much secrecy is wreaking havoc. I'm here because I grew up in this spot so I don't want to abandon who were always here. I'll stay here no matter what feelings and I'll hold on together until I'm 85, like my mom did. If anybody hurts my feelings I'll stay true to them, anyway.
@Prof. Tyson, love your insights on science! Quick burning question: At the equator, time is both faster (being further from Earth's center) and slower (due to higher velocity around Earth's center). Which effect is more dominant? Thanks for making science so engaging!
Now a question occurred to me. If a supernova occurs, does the explosion of a star send matter in every direction, or does it continuously move away from us from which the speed it was going before it exploded, or does it send matter back towards us regardless of the speed at which it was moving away, and how are galaxies moving in our direction unless the universe did not come from a single point? Wouldn't everything appear to be red shifted, even the objects that are behind us from a singular point because of the speed at which we are moving away from?
For what i know, only the edge of the universe is moving fast than the speed of light. That's why the old galaxies at the border are redshifted. I mean, only the fabric of spacetime is moving faster than the speed of light and it's totally possible, remember that. The corpses and everything will never beat the speed of light. Our neighbors are indeed getting closer to us, but all the rest don't.
I've got a question. They've recently ( last decade ) started leaning more heavily on the notion that a detector involves itself with the electron before it enters the slits. My question is, is the detector reaching out somehow to interact with the electron, or is it passive? Or does the electron offer up information regardless of whether or not something is detecting? Or does it offer up information only when being detected? My other question is WHY !!!!?????
I wish i were a physicist. But for everything i ever read or watch, physicists cannot explain that, doesn't matter what, unfortunatelly! Even if you let the particle hit the back wall first and then measure it, it will give you different results. If you measure it before hitting he wall and then measuring it after hitting the wall, it will give you different results.
What you said in the double slit experiment is that the particles interact with each other to cause the wave to end, but that has been debated for the last 100 years because the measuring device is made of particles, so the potential interacts with the potential. Human beings are also made of particles, meaning you cannot deny consciousness
The WHOLE thing about the "Understanding Spacetime" question is confusing, because we are NEVER still in space. We are ALWAYS moving in space. MAYBE he meant relative space, but that is not really space SPACE. Is it? Thanks, and blessings.
When Chuck's mind blew.. so did mine, and I wanted to jump up and down, screaming like him! This is awesome.. why isn't everyone running around screaming, trying to make sense of this!!!!
Hi Neil, half life confuses me. If half the atoms decay in a given time, what makes the other half so special that it feels it can defy the laws of the universe and chose not to decay. its either all should decay at the same time or it shouldn't. I know I'm missing a simple explanation but I'm not a physicist and am not ashamed to ask.
they do not need to uniformly decay. they do so independently. the random nature of radioactive decay is a product of quantum mechanics. as you may know, by applying the Copenhagen interpretation we describe quantum mechanics as being random. which would explain why individual atoms might choose to become more stable at a different time. however, it is widely accepted that the Copenhagen interpretation is wrong and that another interpretation is superior. this would be the many worlds interpretation. it states that when a measurement is made, every non-zero possibility is attributed to its own (newly created) universe. it just happens that it is more unlikely that you find yourself in a universe whose outcome was unlikely. i wont get too much into it but technically there would be a universe where half the atoms are expected to decay, another where they all decay at once and yet another where they only start to decay after two of their half lives, the latter being unlikely. the explanation that you were missing is quantum mechanics, it might seem enticing but once you understand it it brings many explanations. but to anyone who finds an error in my statement, please correct me, i am only 14 years old and still have a lot to learn.
About the reality of time dilation 27:02. So doesn’t the fact that we are not only moving through space (planet around the sun, solar system around galaxy, galaxy through universe and so on) plus we are on the gravitational field of earth, affect whatever measurement and calculation we do about speed of light, age and size of the universe? Or is it taken into consideration in the first place by Einstein and/or scientists after him, so that all the numbers presented are already corrected “objectively”?
In double or single slits experiment, are the fringes extra magnified relative to the original spots. Or are they all show at the same level of magnification. Would that nake any difference for us viewers?
By Neil's description, if I understand correctly, if we could get a ship to the speed of light to travel to a distant planet, we would perceive them traveling at the speed of light which would take some amount of time relative to us. However, the ship would not actually experience any time delays other than the acceleration and deceleration. So, we might say it took them 30k years to get to their destination, but they would experience that same trip in a much shorter time. So light speed travel would be mostly one-way (due to communications and relativity) but we could realistically do it within a human lifetime, and maybe much faster if we can manage the acceleration and deceleration. Wild!
To think about Galileo's experiment with finding the speed of light he didn't have the equipment to measure it. I think the same could apply when people think that a particle instantly moves from one place to another. It's not instant it's just moving so fast that we don't have the equipment to measure it.
What's up Neil Here is a thought regarding the double slit experiment/ Let me know what you think: Think of the similar water experiment where you can actually see the waves of water interfering with each other. Scattering on the far side/far wall. Now think of the double slit light experiment. Imagine there are waves of energy passing through the slits at all times you cannot see. The universe is full of energy (everywhere, all the time). As this energy is passing through these slits. This interfering wave pattern is always present (we just can't see it). As you send each particle of light through each individual slit. They follow these random wave patterns through the slit, and end up on the back panel. Wherever the interfering waves of energy may lead them. Hence the scattered pattern on the far wall. Now, when a detector is put in place. You are actually placing an object which is emitting an alternating magnetic/electric field into play. Which is why we get an alternating response from the detector. The alternating field is enough to disrupt the total scattered effect first seen. Which is why when the detector is turned off. The scattering of photons revert to following the streams of energy that are always present/flowing through the two slits....... Another way to think of it is.... : Think of the water experiment again. If you have totally calm water, with no waves. Then you put a piece of paper, or a boat into the calm water. When you send the boat towards the slits. The boat, or paper will pretty much go where you send it (as it travels, there will be some disturbance caused). Now, if you create a disturbance in the water, where the detector is located. You are creating waves/a current in the water closest to the nearest slit. Think of those waves created, as waves energy. This energy, or waves of energy is attracting the paper, or boat in that direction/the direction of the current. Similar to a drain. Or perhaps a river where one half is moving slowly, and the other half has a faster flow of water. The boat, or paper will want to move towards, or follow the current/energy which is moving faster. If said current alternates. The boat, or paper will also want to alternate its chosen path. One time it may pull towards the detector. The next time it may push............ I was watching this video: Quantum Reality: Space, Time, and Entanglement (ruclips.net/video/BFrBr8oUVXU/видео.html) @ 15:23-15:27 you can almost see the wave patterns actually coming together/forming from the "output from the device", the speaker is referring to..."before" their laser has even been turned on...
Myocarditis from COVID is much more severe and way more frequent . Since every body gets COVID ( multiple times ) even though vaccines rarely cause myocarditis over all in a big picture they actually reduce the incidence since covid definitely increases it . I know you hate the answer because abtivaxers hate facts - a hate if the facts and impiryantvire requisite to be an antivaxer
![Stromae, Pomme - “Ma Meilleure Ennemie” (from Arcane Season 2) [Official Visualizer]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/1F3OGIFnW1k/mqdefault.jpg)
What burning question would you ask Neil, Chuck, and Gary? 🤔
if I only had 1 question to ever ask Neil and Chuck. Do either of you want their to be alien life out there? either answer why or why not?
There’s a lot of theories as to how the universe came about. But WHY did it come about
If you couldnt be a scientist, pro athlete, and comedian, what would you have been?
What would happen if, instead of compressing matter until a black hole forms, you'd instead increase "tension?". Would a tiny rip in space form? Would nothing happen? Is it even possible to "decrease gravity" to the same degree as we can increase it? (that's all one question btw lol)
In addition to Energy, what other books would you recommend to restart civilization?
I want an episode where neil asks chuck questions! 😀
in another universe this is already happening 😅
@@snowice8816fr 💯I stopped watching for like a year bc of that
Idk. I think Chuck understands more than you think. And it would be neil asking. So no black jokes being asked. Black joke responces.. probably. But none asked.
"If you ate yourself, would you disappear or grow twice as large?" - Pinky
Exactly!
So blessed to be able to listen to this man, where I want, when I want. With new great episodes almost daily.
Science made it possible
gesundheit
This!!
He’s a complete fraud.
@@izzanirfan2534no it didn’t. Ideas don’t sprout legs and arms and create things
Please do make this a regular thing. Maybe around the new year? Make Gary and Chuck write down their questions as the year goes along.
Make them default members of the StarTalk episodes. 🥳
No no around April 1.
Once a year is too infrequent. Maybe a monthly thing? Biweekly? Something like that.
First week of the new season. Approx 4 times a year
😂😂😂😅😅😅
For this 70 year old with a bone head 12th grade education? I’m so happy to be listening and some what comprehending what is being “taught” here. This type of education needs to be taught from kindergarten through 12th grade. Change the antiquated teaching mythologies to real education that children learn important lessons ✌🏼💖
All things are possible through the Glory of Christ ✝️🙏🕊️📿
Man, this episode is so good! This type of wholesome entertaining can literally lift your spirits up! Please keep doing more episodes like this where Chuck gets to ask his burning quests and lose gaskets.
I think that's the best part of the show! And Neil's laugh!
literally literally literally literally literally literally literally literally literally literally literally 🤡🤡🤡🤡
Lol gen Z clown…
This was one of the BEST episodes I’ve ever heard! I think it’s because Chuck and Gary both hear so many great questions all the time, they are able to distill their own questions down to their essence and really get Neil thinking and explaining things explicitly.
I also love their genuine fascination and reactions to Neil’s answers! I love watching Chuck lose his mind and how incredible the universe is! Priceless!!!
Keep up this awesome work guys! I would LOVE to have this format be a semi-regular thing!
This is a strong episode. Much more grounded and approachable than some others I must say
I think because some of those questions have been asked for a... long time in a way. And have been out there, as human mind has been pondering those kind of questions for a while.
1. Like double slit experiment. Recently I also watched Tom Campbell and his youtube video: "Anu Physics Experiment and the Implications for Everyone". Maybe slightly wrong example, as that has a different spin and conclusions, but a lot of people has been wondering about it for a long time.
2. Communication in space. Interesting question reagarding communication in deep space, and traveling. A while back Brian Aldiss wrote a book, about generation ship, called "Non Stop". Interesting concept there, and what may happened after several generations, when the ship is traveling in space for a long time, and where there is no communication with Earth.
All in all, a good episode, no question about it.
Bro I love chuck he makes it like it’s me there in The conversation … one of the best podcasts going around on all platforms ❤
I’ve always heard the double slit experiment thing described as “when we look at it” instead of “when we shine light on it”. I wish they would use the latter - it clarifies things better. Thank you, Dr Tyson, for explaining that here.
a literal lightbulb moment for me too :)
I am so glad to see this channel grow and have 2.7 million subscribers.
Chuck’s interactions have really leveled up. He used to be as lost as I was.
In my eyes, this channel is a big dea already, but I hope he gets hosting gigs for all science related shows in Netflix and all TV networks.
💯 % right, he really does get good at it
same!
I love how Neil answers . The way he explain things from the bottom and eventually at some point comes to the actual question.
I like that too. The gift of storytelling makes hard science so much easier to grasp.
my fav combo Neil & Chuck .. and I lovee when they add Gary 🙌🏾 sooo funny so informative I love it!
Every official video with Dr.Tyson and Chuck Nice, its actual digital gold!
What is that name dude 😂
@@a.N..... hehe, it humbles me that you noticed it
Vitiligo:
Vitiligo is a skin “condition” where our own immune cells start killing melanocytes (things responsible to make melanin)
Melanin is the compound that gives skin its color.
So people living near and near to equator have more and more melanin and therefore they get more and more deep colored (ofc this is evolutionary advantage, This is also because sunlight triggers melanin growth)
People with vitiligo (~1% of people) have spots on their skin that are white because there is no melanin in those spots because our immune system killed the melanocytes
Manush : That just means human in bangla language(bangla language spoken in west bengal, India, Bangladesh and many more places)
Also this immune system thing is in my case, there might be other reasons why melanocytes can die
I don’t know but we are blessed to have Neil talking about these amazing mind blowing ideas.
Nowhere else, and with no other individuals, are these subjects covered in a way that inspires side-splitting laughter.
Thank you, Gentlemen. 🙏
This was an awesome episode. Everyone needs to see this. The video felt like a minute long. it was that damn good. Many thumbs up guys. I love the content!
Being from the deep, dark past of electronic communication (having been a Ham radio operator back in the 1950s), allow me to correct a very minor, error of no consequence. "Over and out," was from the movies and those copying the movies. Technically, it was either "over" or "out," not both. You either ended the communication or returned it to whoever was on the other end for them to respond. You allowed the other party to continue or to end the communication. If the other party was finished, they could tag it over if they had nothing else to say and allow you to continue or end the communication, depending on whether you were finished. Over.
Let's please have an episode of cosmic queries with Chuck answering questions to the best of his knowledge.. With the support of Neil of course
But if light doesn’t age or whatever you want to say then if it could it would “see” us (the observer) at x point in the future because it was emitted x distance away and light isn’t instantaneous right? Does that make sense
Chuck is the most enthusiastic physic student on the planet right now
I won't deny that lol but he also doesn't have to learn equations and solve physics problems on exams. He's excited about the surface of the topics.
@@EmpyreanLightASMR Nothing wrong with that. Not everyone can be an astrophysicist, but it's still integral to make sure laymen are involved in some way.
@@frenchyproductions9692 Agreed, I wasn't saying there's anything wrong with it. Anyone getting excited about physics is in for a good time. I've recently been thinking it would be cool to see Chuck go through a physics course, just to help him better appreciate the topic. It wouldn't dampen his enthusiasm, it might even elevate it. But it's not necessary.
@@EmpyreanLightASMRTo be fair, Chuck has done exactly the same amount of academic research as Neil in the last twenty years.
@@emark8928 Neil reads papers and keeps up with a ton of peers, so I give him a pass for not focusing on one subject for a year
Giorgio is the Italian cognate of George. (I'm surprised I didn't even have to look that one up.)
It's been suggested that the reason Brian May put his academic career in astrophysics on hold was because Galileo let him go. :p Hey, maybe StarTalk might be able to get Brian as a guest.
Something Neil said sparked a thought with me. What if light speed was not finite, but was instant. Imagine how that would change our whole view (or lack of view) of space? We could not look “back in time”. We would only see what is happening in that moment. Thank goodness light is “slow”.
There's articles you can google on how the speed of light may have changed since the beginning of time. (More specifically, that the speed has slowed down to what it is today.)
My kids and I love these vids. It inspires them to look deeper. Thank you soo much for these memories with them.
Chuck and Gary are such great co hosts - so much better than most others on other podcasts .
I can't believe that's DJ Chuck Nice from back in the day. Right on, brother. So cool to see him in this discussion.
You are one of only a few I could listen to for an inordinate time regardless of whether I understand what you're saying or not. 🥰
I almost lost my stomach from laughter, Chuck is to blame 😂 and I learned soooo much! Happy New Year, Startalk!
You must be easily amused.
Nerd
“… where everything you say is delayed a half a second before the person replies you can’t, for example, interrupt them.” This is a major problem for Neil 😂
Grow up. You're not funny
Nice episode, yet there is one thing that Neil often underlines here about the Double Slit Experiment which puzzles me a bit and that is the "light-that-shines-on-the-electrons-when-you-look-at-them- is-responsible-for-their-particle-behaviour" - statement. From what I recall this experiment has been conducted in all sorts of environments to exclude the fact that any physical (intended as in physics) interaction could have an impact on the result...like for example recording the experiment through cameras and watching the results only AFTER the experiment has teaken place, in which case light or the presence of the human eye ON THE SCENE has nothing to do with the outcome. Like the the schrodinger cat "theory" speculates: events get determined once you measure them regardless of your presence (hence physical intercation) with the elements....which leads to the assumption that consciousness does have something to do with the outfolding of reality. Am I missing something here? ( I know I am of course...but...am I?) Luv the show btw. Cheers
Cameras need light to record
@@Morpheux1yep, they surely do 😂 yet the 2 different results ( lines vs wave pattern) occur in same light condition as I recall. The only differnce that triggers the lines is the observation (even recorded) to verifico which slit the particles travel through. So light has basically nothing to do with the differnt outcome as it doesnt change. I think that the proof to this is can be found in the delayed-choice quantum eraser where the result of the esperiment gets basically updated (going from wave to lines) in the very same test hence same light context
It's amazing how things work. It's also amazing that anything works at all.
😂truly
I really enjoyed this video.
I appreciate having an informed but non-scientist asking specific and interesting questions.
Please do make this a reoccurring show!
Happy New Year everybody!
Thanks for all the great videos
Neil. How large is the universe?
Neil: "yes"
Facts. The universe is only as old as the light we can perceive. And that light in itself is so old that there’s no telling what’s really happening out there right now or what could’ve possibly been before. Saying it all happened from a singular massive expansion seems completely wrong. It probably created our know universe, but the blast itself could’ve destroyed whatever galaxies was here before.
I had to watch this twice!! I love it even more the second time
Chuck, my brain is exploding, each time I listen. Your not alone
Thanks to all of you
Great show!!!
Couldn’t have said it better. 👍
*you're
This was by far a pretty great episode as well.. you guy's always knock it out the park because I'm sure there are those of us listener's and watcher's that also may have formed the very same questions in their mind from time to time so this was great to have them both actually ask their own questions and of course Neil always give thoughtful answer even if its somehow short as possible to save time or a truthfully answered question that says, quite frankly that even Not just Neil doesnt know but a whole planet of folks that hadn't come with an answer for a question that may never been asked or thought of or neil simply admits "idk, next question" lol i love it either way because its good that folks try to learn and sometimes there really isn't an answer because whe haven't found out yet, not that we haven't tried, bit that we just havent a clue and dont know how or what to measure for the answer to be revealed in the end.. we're all human, even the really smart ones.. lol love this show and just that single book alone that Neil showed everybody, "Physics of Energy " will have many nonstudents reaching for it to find out if its an interesting subject to learn and i agree that it would absolutely be a fun area to gain some knowledge and maybe even test ourselves against our previous knowledge if any to the newly learned knowledge gained. I love the contrast sometimes and of course love that physical learning process as it develops differently for each different thing and you get a better overall understandings for all those questions we may have had along the way. I love the learning process no matter the way because it always a curve to it and the speed of it changes as well too because some information cane be pretty dense and vast compared to other things that may be true objectively or may otherwise be seeming to be true but actually the opposite sometimes.. its always funny how that plays a tricks on some of our minds until we can actually really fully grasp exactly how vast of knowledge that can be gained and also applied too in the end.. that's just great and i love watching it unfold and really come to everyone learning man boy dont we all love Sir Chucks mind being blown at time hahaha love the show and even Gary has some good ones as well..❤❤😂😂🎉🎉
It’s a spectrum. Innit😊
This was an amazing episode. I loved it. Do it may be three or four times a year. It would be so cool.
I would like to know how can the matter in the universe end because of inflation of space? They say everything will end and the universe will just be empty and cold. I always thought that matter couldn’t be destroyed. So can you please explain this to me.
Content like this is why I love RUclips.
Thank you for taking the time to produce this.
RUclips has nothing to do with the production of anything that you see on it. They just are a parking lot for videos that they exploit.
Neil’s really special, a wonderful combination of brilliance, humour, humbleness and just enough edginess to be extremely attractive. The way he laughs and speaks about fundamentals is unmatched and he’s certainly an outstanding member of the pantheon of great scientific human beings that include Carl Sagan, Arthur C. Clark and Isaac Asimov. Of course there’s more but these names are at the top of my mind!
".....went down a geek hole..." Too friggin' funny! 🤣
I know I know
**The electron interference pattern doesn’t change simply by looking it at, it changes where you take the measurement - whether you decide to measure it or not**
My brain hurts
Dr Tyson, Isn't it true that if we had faster than light communication, either via subspace or a wormhole, and we used it to communicate with someone traveling near the speed of light away from us, and therefore time for him was moving slower, that he could experience the communication before we sent it? And doesn't this break in causality indicate that faster than light communication is in fact impossible?
Hello Dr De Grasse, please, Ive always wondered about death. Can you explain in layman's terms what happens to a persons soul when they due. Thankyou.
PS when they die we mean?
I love you guys! A great way to learn. Thank you❣️
Absolutely one of my favorite episodes! you guys are awesome
What is going on with your username and channel image lmao gotta admit, I was curious
@@EmpyreanLightASMR tbh I forget it's even that lmao it's been my gamertag on Xbox for forever it's just supposed to be funny lol
@@creaminmycookie It is, it's hilarious. I thought it was about coffee... then I did a double take and it said "cookie," and then it's either super naughty or ... an Oreo cookie lmao. No, it's a great name!
Love you Neil, love you Chuck, and Gary O’Reilly makes a great addition to the discussion panel. I like it.
Gary is such a square
What a great episode! Fantastic questions and comic interludes that makes you smarter and entertained. I loved it. On a side note, great thanks to Dr. Neil for the double slit experiment explanation regarding how photons interfere with electrons turning them into particles, not consciousness!
I love how Chuck always plays the silly comedian but can't completely hide that he's a actually very smart person.
Could NOT think of a better way to end the year for Star Talk. Cannot thank you guys enough for this 👏👏👏
I LOVE it when you guys mix it up like this! Four letters:
E P I C
🤩🤩🤩
(And “thank you”; keep bringing the fun!)
Happy New Year!!
🥳💥🌄🎆🎊
Love this show . ❤
I loved this episode! I think most question you answer from fans are so basic and repetitive and has been answered like hundreds times before and can be found from a simple search online.
I would find it much more interesting to hear more burning questions and debates you have with colleagues about the uncertain things that are not yet fully understood by science. I find that much more stimulating.
Thank you for a really good show!
Chuck is so Brilliant, and quick to respond to many questions he should not know about, .. That guy is Smart.
Hey, Neil, how would communication work in deep space if we could use quantum entanglement?
Information cannot be sent faster than the speed of light
That light behaves like a particle and a wave
But not at the same time only when observe it
@@StephenRayWesleybecause light seems to be sassy.
Time is awesome. Love it.
How long have time and you have been together
Need more of this I’ve been addicted to the show for some time
Also Neil if you were to travel on the cusp of a small black hole how can you calculate what the tike dillatiin would be versus less say a 200% more massive black hole?
hey phillip!
you can do this by simply calculating the individual time dilations.
as variables:
let γ be the time dilation factor
let rs be the Schwarzschild radius
and let r be the distance from the black hole
we can calculate time dilation using the formula:
γ = 1 / ( sqrt( 1 - rs / r ) )
(LaTeX: \gamma = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \frac{r_{s}}{r}}})
note that this formula will only work if you find yourself outside the Schwarzschild radius (r > rs)
the assumed type of black hole is a Schwarzschild black hole, non-spinning, without charge.
if anything i said was wrong or flawed dont be hesitant to tell me! just know that i am only 14 years old and would love to have some feedback.
oh yeah and the result is the ratio of non-dilated time to dilated time.
if i counted three second on my clock as i fall near a black hole you might count 6 seconds in what seems to be the same time frame. this example would mean that the dilation factor is 2, or that for every second you experience i experience half of that.
After watching this, I can now create a black hole.
With sparkles
I appreciate you all
You all always do my day you all smart and funny i love watching the trust and approval you guys have to each other
So, the things we’re looking at we’d never be able to visit in the night sky or they’d be completely different when we arrive? Well at least the majority of the ones that’s lifespan would deplete before even light speed engines if they existed would reach them. Kinda crazy to think about.
Great show! About the double slit experiment, I guess we have actually some explanation. It is that the electron has a probabilistic presence rather than a punctual position. And this probabilistic presence behaves like a wave in a vacuum. Until the particle interacts with something, there are situations where it can spread in space. So a more specific answer could be that the electron doesn't really interfere with itself, but its density of probability does interfere with itself.
Ok🤷🏽♀️
Don't ever change what you guys have created excellent shows always appreciated
From this episode I have two questions , first the speed of light is the fastest thing in the medium of the universe but the universe is spreading faster than that, so what is time doing at that speed if it stops at the speed of light, moving backwards? Second question, when a particle is behaving like a wave , going up and down, what force is actually giving it those directional changes? It goes from moving straight, then hight by other particles when observed and changes to a wave pattern. Simply asked Why and how a wave and not just a directional change from the impact, why a wave/ back and forth/ zigzag motion? And what is controlling the predictable directional changes?
Great episode! I tune in frequently. I learned a new thesis of time. Thank you.
Think I am misunderstanding the time/ space graph analogy. Say time=x and space=y , at the speed of light... Why would(n't) the y and x be parallel (=)? Time is constant (As far as we are concerned) and speed of light{ls} is defined, so even at ls there is still a distance. Otherwise, travel to the past would simply be achieved "faster than light"( ftl) travel... Because y (on the graph) woud turn back on itself and supersede y. Am i seeing this wrong?
I believe that is correct. Neil has mentioned before that from the point of view of a light particle, at the very same moment it is emitted it collides with a it's target.
This is due to the effects of time dilation, which says that as speed increases, time slows. So basically, a photon does not experience time because it's speed becomes a hypothetical straight line perpendicular to the time axis, meaning it only has a velocity or speed and does not experience the passing of time. And theoretically, yes, if we were able to move faster than the speed of light or find a particle that does so (hypothetical tacheon) then that particle would be travelling backwards along the time axis, meaning it is going into the past.
That is my understanding of the whole thing.
Chuck’s questions are 🔥
The best show in the Universe!
After the Big Bang, it's the most intriguing thing to watch.
Question; I would think the elements that wete present before the big big to make the big bang posable must count as matter in some form? So thete was somethimg before the bbt.
Or is there a god
Your proposing?
Chuck needs his own RUclips channel 👀 ❤️
@25:30
*"You can know things, and predict things. Even if you dont fully understand what is happening"*
Welcome to parenthood.
the sweetest video ever!!!! thanks for noticing them!
I love this format. Hello everyone. Thanks for sharing. I'm with Chuck on Space Force.
Thank you Mitch, as Always!!
I'm buried under a veil of coming on senses. It feels to me like people in this area are conflicted about privacy v. secrecy while they're yearning to announce something they don't all want to, or don't feel they should announce.
My poking at others has gotten a lot of clarity but not enough.
In my opinion, if the situation runs around in metaphor and begets sides at one another's inputs, then too much secrecy is wreaking havoc.
I'm here because I grew up in this spot so I don't want to abandon who were always here.
I'll stay here no matter what feelings and I'll hold on together until I'm 85, like my mom did.
If anybody hurts my feelings I'll stay true to them, anyway.
The jokes and intellect. This channel is the only place i feel normal 😂 appreciate everything you guys do ✌🏿🖤🌅
Absolutely love Chuck's mental breakdown at 32:20 😂😂 He reacted for all of us
@Prof. Tyson, love your insights on science! Quick burning question: At the equator, time is both faster (being further from Earth's center) and slower (due to higher velocity around Earth's center). Which effect is more dominant? Thanks for making science so engaging!
Now a question occurred to me. If a supernova occurs, does the explosion of a star send matter in every direction, or does it continuously move away from us from which the speed it was going before it exploded, or does it send matter back towards us regardless of the speed at which it was moving away, and how are galaxies moving in our direction unless the universe did not come from a single point? Wouldn't everything appear to be red shifted, even the objects that are behind us from a singular point because of the speed at which we are moving away from?
For what i know, only the edge of the universe is moving fast than the speed of light. That's why the old galaxies at the border are redshifted. I mean, only the fabric of spacetime is moving faster than the speed of light and it's totally possible, remember that. The corpses and everything will never beat the speed of light. Our neighbors are indeed getting closer to us, but all the rest don't.
I've got a question.
They've recently ( last decade ) started leaning more heavily on the notion that a detector involves itself with the electron before it enters the slits.
My question is, is the detector reaching out somehow to interact with the electron, or is it passive? Or does the electron offer up information regardless of whether or not something is detecting? Or does it offer up information only when being detected?
My other question is WHY !!!!?????
I wish i were a physicist. But for everything i ever read or watch, physicists cannot explain that, doesn't matter what, unfortunatelly! Even if you let the particle hit the back wall first and then measure it, it will give you different results. If you measure it before hitting he wall and then measuring it after hitting the wall, it will give you different results.
What you said in the double slit experiment is that the particles interact with each other to cause the wave to end, but that has been debated for the last 100 years because the measuring device is made of particles, so the potential interacts with the potential. Human beings are also made of particles, meaning you cannot deny consciousness
I love rewatching episodes
The WHOLE thing about the "Understanding Spacetime" question is confusing, because we are NEVER still in space. We are ALWAYS moving in space. MAYBE he meant relative space, but that is not really space SPACE. Is it?
Thanks, and blessings.
When Chuck's mind blew.. so did mine, and I wanted to jump up and down, screaming like him!
This is awesome.. why isn't everyone running around screaming, trying to make sense of this!!!!
Great episode guys! Thanks
Hi Neil, half life confuses me. If half the atoms decay in a given time, what makes the other half so special that it feels it can defy the laws of the universe and chose not to decay. its either all should decay at the same time or it shouldn't. I know I'm missing a simple explanation but I'm not a physicist and am not ashamed to ask.
they do not need to uniformly decay. they do so independently. the random nature of radioactive decay is a product of quantum mechanics.
as you may know, by applying the Copenhagen interpretation we describe quantum mechanics as being random. which would explain why individual atoms might choose to become more stable at a different time.
however, it is widely accepted that the Copenhagen interpretation is wrong and that another interpretation is superior. this would be the many worlds interpretation. it states that when a measurement is made, every non-zero possibility is attributed to its own (newly created) universe. it just happens that it is more unlikely that you find yourself in a universe whose outcome was unlikely.
i wont get too much into it but technically there would be a universe where half the atoms are expected to decay, another where they all decay at once and yet another where they only start to decay after two of their half lives, the latter being unlikely.
the explanation that you were missing is quantum mechanics, it might seem enticing but once you understand it it brings many explanations.
but to anyone who finds an error in my statement, please correct me, i am only 14 years old and still have a lot to learn.
About the reality of time dilation 27:02. So doesn’t the fact that we are not only moving through space (planet around the sun, solar system around galaxy, galaxy through universe and so on) plus we are on the gravitational field of earth, affect whatever measurement and calculation we do about speed of light, age and size of the universe? Or is it taken into consideration in the first place by Einstein and/or scientists after him, so that all the numbers presented are already corrected “objectively”?
Oh I enjoyed how passionate they became for their burning questions! Thank you so much Neil for explaining in layman’s terms!
Cracking the double slit and double blind slit would give us the key to understanding our reality as we observe it.
oof amazing all the way to the very end too. love it. discovered this over the past month & I'm hooked!
41:33 "Cause you weren't born"
Neil casually roasted Chuck there 😅😂
Interesting, instructive and very entertainig for someone like myself who has a surface level understanding of the questions asked here.
I adore you and this forum!!
In double or single slits experiment, are the fringes extra magnified relative to the original spots. Or are they all show at the same level of magnification. Would that nake any difference for us viewers?
By Neil's description, if I understand correctly, if we could get a ship to the speed of light to travel to a distant planet, we would perceive them traveling at the speed of light which would take some amount of time relative to us. However, the ship would not actually experience any time delays other than the acceleration and deceleration. So, we might say it took them 30k years to get to their destination, but they would experience that same trip in a much shorter time.
So light speed travel would be mostly one-way (due to communications and relativity) but we could realistically do it within a human lifetime, and maybe much faster if we can manage the acceleration and deceleration. Wild!
No.
@LordOfThePancakes Your thorough rebuttal was so illuminating! 🙄
To think about Galileo's experiment with finding the speed of light he didn't have the equipment to measure it. I think the same could apply when people think that a particle instantly moves from one place to another. It's not instant it's just moving so fast that we don't have the equipment to measure it.
What's up Neil Here is a thought regarding the double slit experiment/ Let me know what you think: Think of the similar water experiment where you can actually see the waves of water interfering with each other. Scattering on the far side/far wall. Now think of the double slit light experiment. Imagine there are waves of energy passing through the slits at all times you cannot see. The universe is full of energy (everywhere, all the time). As this energy is passing through these slits. This interfering wave pattern is always present (we just can't see it). As you send each particle of light through each individual slit. They follow these random wave patterns through the slit, and end up on the back panel. Wherever the interfering waves of energy may lead them. Hence the scattered pattern on the far wall. Now, when a detector is put in place. You are actually placing an object which is emitting an alternating magnetic/electric field into play. Which is why we get an alternating response from the detector. The alternating field is enough to disrupt the total scattered effect first seen. Which is why when the detector is turned off. The scattering of photons revert to following the streams of energy that are always present/flowing through the two slits....... Another way to think of it is.... : Think of the water experiment again. If you have totally calm water, with no waves. Then you put a piece of paper, or a boat into the calm water. When you send the boat towards the slits. The boat, or paper will pretty much go where you send it (as it travels, there will be some disturbance caused). Now, if you create a disturbance in the water, where the detector is located. You are creating waves/a current in the water closest to the nearest slit. Think of those waves created, as waves energy. This energy, or waves of energy is attracting the paper, or boat in that direction/the direction of the current. Similar to a drain. Or perhaps a river where one half is moving slowly, and the other half has a faster flow of water. The boat, or paper will want to move towards, or follow the current/energy which is moving faster. If said current alternates. The boat, or paper will also want to alternate its chosen path. One time it may pull towards the detector. The next time it may push............ I was watching this video: Quantum Reality: Space, Time, and Entanglement (ruclips.net/video/BFrBr8oUVXU/видео.html) @ 15:23-15:27 you can almost see the wave patterns actually coming together/forming from the "output from the device", the speaker is referring to..."before" their laser has even been turned on...
Do an episode on myocarditis.
Myocarditis from COVID is much more severe and way more frequent . Since every body gets COVID ( multiple times ) even though vaccines rarely cause myocarditis over all in a big picture they actually reduce the incidence since covid definitely increases it .
I know you hate the answer because abtivaxers hate facts - a hate if the facts and impiryantvire requisite to be an antivaxer